Chemistry: Cathode

Lithium Manganese Nickel Oxide LMNO Basic Information

LMNO

Strength

Weakness

Opportunity

Threat

LMNO has higher energy density than LMO, approaching that of NMC and NCA

Could be used in long-range EVs and high performance consumer electronics

LMNO offers better thermostability than other high-energy CAM

Higher charge voltage cutoff at 4.7 V

LMNO-based batteries exhibit good cycle life, with minimal capacity fade over many charge/discharge cycles

Lower capacity than NMC-based cathodes

Voltage instability at high charge rates

Higher production cost than for LFP or LMO

Difficult manufacturing process requires precise control of material composition

Poor performance at low temperatures compared to LMFP

LMNO can suffer from Mn dissolution and structural degradation during cycling

Lack of low cost electrolytes stable at LMNOʼs charge voltage

Growing demand for mid/long range EVs

Thermostability and long cycle life are advantages for BESS

Ideal candidate for next generation of solid-state batteries

Good choice for electric aviation, drones and lightweight mobile applications

Mitigate supply chain risk from cobalt

NMC has higher energy density and LMFP has lower production cost

Alternative Cobalt-free chemistries such as LMFP could offer superior performance at lower costs

Due to advances in solid-state batteries, other CAM may become more competitive

Increasing demand for nickel in battery manufacturing could reduce cost-effectiveness of LMNO

Source: Battery Report 2023 (pg130),Battery Talk: Battery Application Break Down 1/01/2025 Version 3.0

Lithium manganese nickel oxide LMNO LMNO emerged as advanced version of LMO CAM. With the addition of nickel, it offers a higher energy density and higher cutoff voltage than LMO 4.7 V vs. 4.2 V, Development of LNMO technology: Began in the mid-2000s, but still exists primarily in cell prototypes and not currently used in EVs. However, growing concerns about the sustainability of cobalt mining and supply chain risks may speed up its adoption. Key players: This technology may soon be implemented in mid/long range EVs, lightweight aviation, drones and BESS. Morrow batteries, Topsoe and NanoOne are aiming to commercialize LMNO technology.

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