Seminal Literature
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Text on page 364
LiFePO4 LFP And LiMnxFe1xPO4 LMFP - Olivine Phosphates With Two-Phase De)Lithiation Goodenoughʼs group in UTAustin reported various metal phosphates in three publications in J. Electrochem. Soc. in 1997. Amongst these, they identified LiFePO4 and LiMnxFe1xPO4 as inexpensive and non-toxic candidates for Li-ion battery cathodes. Li atoms in LFP can be reversibly extracted at 3.4 V vs. Li+/Li
Similar olivine crystal structure between LiFePO4 and FePO4
Insertion voltage is independent of state-of-charge
Voltage Fe3/2 = 3.4 V, Mn3/2 = 4.1 V is within the carbonate electrolyte stability window
Mechanism is proposed to be an inwardly moving two-phase coexistence of LiFePO4 and FePO4
Source: Padhi, Nanjundaswamy, Goodenough J. Electrochem. Soc. 1997, 4, 1188. Padhi, Nanjundaswamy, Masquelier, Okada, Goodenough J. Electrochem. Soc. 1997, 5, 1609. Padhi, Nanjundaswamy, Masquelier, Goodenough J. Electrochem. Soc. 1997, 8, 2581.
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