New & Alternative Chemistries

Development Of The Squaramide Scaffold For High Potential And Multielectron Catholytes For Use In Redox Flow Batteries Synthesizing high-potential catholyte materials with low capacity fade and high solubility for nonaqueous organic redox flow battery NORFB) applications remains a challenge. To address this, Tracy et al. report a new class of catholyte materials derived from squaric acid quinoxaline SQX) and squaric acid amide SQA) materials.

SQX1

SQA1 E1/2 vs Fc/Fc+: 0.51 V % Fade/h: 0.23% Cycles/time: 100 cycles/ 22.5 h Max SOC 88%

SQA2 E1/2 vs Fc/Fc+: 0.81 V % Fade/h: 0.36% Cycles/time: 100 cycles/ 20.8 h Max SOC 81%

E1/2 vs Fc/Fc+: 0.48 V, 0.82 V % Fade/h: 0.56% Cycles/time: 100 cycles/ 40.2 h Max SOC 86%

Note: SQX1 and SQA1 were tested in a flow batteries and SQA2 in an H-cell set up.

Source: Tracy et al. Journal of American Chemistry, 2024

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