Overview

Anode

Electrolyte

Solid-State

Li Metal

Sulfur

Na-ion

Fast Charging

Manufacturing

Recycling

Diagnosis

Battery Informatics

Cathode – Emerging contenders include Co-free and low Ni cathodes, with NMCA still dominant on balance between performance and stability. Anode – Interfacial and microstructural engineering are being investigated to advance Si and Gr anode materials. Electrolyte – Non-aqueous, aqueous, and solid-state electrolytes are all making progress in electrolyte research. Solid state – More classes of hybrid electrolytes are being studied, and debate continues over the relative merits between polymer, oxides, and sulfides. Li metal – Steady progress has been made to improve performance, specifically around cycle life and safety. Sulfur – Limited success with new electrolyte and electrode design. Na-ion – Sodium batteries are gaining attention on electrolytes (including solid state). Current challenges include limited anode and cathode choices. Fast charging – Purpose-built electrodes and temperature control are emerging as prerequisites to accomplish extreme fast charging. Manufacturing – Many innovative approaches are being developed to achieve scaling and integrability with existing gigafactories. Recycling – Methods with low cost and low energy consumption are being studied. An emerging area of research topic, expect continued growth.

Research: Outline

Volta Foundation

Extracted from the PDF; charts and images may read imperfectly.