Recycling

Research: Recycling Source: Fink, Polzin, Vaughey, Major, Dunlop, Trask, Jeka, Spangenberger, and Keyser

Heterogeneous make-up of shredded batteries. Larger particles on the left, finer grains on the right.

Residual impurities from the recycling process can be detrimental to long-term cycling in batteries with recycled electrodes. Impurities must be understood and effectively managed. Volta Foundation

Extracted from the PDF; charts and images may read imperfectly.