Cell Chemistry Development

LFP and LMFP shares the same olivine crystal structure but the addition of manganese gives LMFP a theoretical energy density of up to 230 Wh/kg.

The M3P battery developed by CATL is based on the olivine structure of LFP, with some of the iron replaced by doping with magnesium, zinc, and aluminum. CATL calls it a ternary lithium battery of the phosphate chemistry system, but M3P synthesis is derived from the LMFP process and much closer in cost to LFP than to a nickel-based ternary battery.

Pros and Cons

Higher energy density by 15-20% compared to LFP Low cost compared to NMC/NCA Safer than NMC/NCA Excellent low-temperature performance High internal resistance Lower battery cycle life compared to LFP Recycle value is low

CATL will target the EV market segment with a range of more than 700 km. ➔

CATL to supply M3P batteries to Tesla in Q4 2022 for Model Y in China.

CATL expects to mass produce LMFP batteries in 2023 and is on track to becoming the first manufacturer to take this chemistry to market. Companies working on LMFP batteries

Industry: Cell Chemistry Development

Volta Foundation

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