Recycling

Recycling

Challenges | Supply Chain Complexity

Recycling's complex supply chain limits profitability in various segments, and may result in increased export of EV batteries to countries that do not regulate hazardous waste. Standardization of international waste disposal legislation, clarifying producer responsibility across countries will help regulate and incentivize key stakeholders. EV/ Battery Manufacturers

Qualified Service Providers

Consumer Households

Bring used battery to service provider

Battery depletion Battery 1st life use

Remove used EV battery

Battery depletion

Ship to battery recycler

Ship to EV / battery manufacturer

Pay fees to external battery recycler

Provide EV owner credit for returned battery

START Purchase repurposed EV Battery for home backup energy storage

Battery/ Energy Tech Firms

Reproduce before recycling

Collaborate to dismantle test and refabricate used battery Repurposed

xxx

Other Businesses

Battery depletion

Purchase repurposed EV battery for power transmission, storage, charging etc.

For corporate

For infrastructure

Typical activity Optional activity

Options

Flow used EV battery (Material)

Source: Benchmark Mineral Intelligence

Produce new battery using recovered materials

Battery Recyclers

Recover battery materials

END Sell to EV manufacturer or produce new EV

Governments

Battery depletion

For building charging stations, powering street lights, and supply electricity in remote areas

Enforce regulations whilst providing incentives to parties involved Sell raw materials to EV/ battery manufacturer

Extracted from the PDF; charts and images may read imperfectly.