Cost

Researchers from MIT investigated the factors resulting in the 97% cost decrease in Li-ion batteries since their commercialization in 1991. In terms of physical properties, increases in charge density contributed the most to the decrease in cost. Materials and chemistry R&D played a greater role than economies of scale in terms of bringing down cost.

Research Source: Ziegler M., Song J., Trancik J., Mauler L., Duffner F., Zeier W., et al.

Characterizing and attributing contributions is critical for guiding future research and policy efforts towards further cost reduction.

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