Applications: Stationary Energy Storage

Sodium-ion Na-ion Cells Made Advancements in 2025 but Still Face Major Headwinds Na-ion had a breakout year in ESS in 2025, with NFPP Sodium Iron phosphate pyrophosphate) sub-chemistry in particular moving from R&D into major product offerings and large-scale BESS deployments. While still dwarfed by Li-ion, Na-ion is a rising competitor that aspires to be a safer, cost-effective alternative in the long term made from abundant, low-cost materials. To capture BESS market share it will have to outpace Li-ionʼs improvement trajectory on key metrics. Proposed advantages of Na-ion:

Safety: Higher thermal runaway trigger temperature

Cycle life: Na-ion NFPP may exceed LFP cycling

Lower degradation at hot and cold temperatures

Wider temp. tolerance decreases aux. power needs

Improved SOC calibration

COST HISTORY OF NIB RELATIVE TO LFP

COMPARISON OF CHEMISTRY METRICS

Major drawbacks:

Volumetric Energy Density 270 Wh/L for Na-ion vs. up to 430 Wh/L for LFP, as reported by Roland Berger)

Cost $/kWh (near-term)

PCS optimisation Developments in Na-ion ESS in 2025

50 MW / 100 MWh Na-ion Commissioning by HiNa

Pilot projects by Peak Energy, Phenogy

High-profile collapse of industry pioneer Natron

BYD announces MCCube SIB BESS product

CATL Naxtra product advancement

Hithium launches hybrid Li / Na product

Xingkong Na Dazhou Maliu Industrial Park 1GWh Na-ion battery commissioned

Source: Cell cost chart, Peak Energy, Jim McDowall. Roland Berger Volumetric Density) Distinguished Partner)

Extracted from the PDF; charts and images may read imperfectly.