VFBATTERY REPORT

2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020

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Overview · 768 pages Cover and introduction1

Industry

Overview5 Notable Events7 Industry Value Chain21 Finance50 Costs68 Cell & Pack Manufacturing83 Applications127 EV130 Stationary Energy Storage182 Data Centers233 Aviation, Drones, Space243 Robotics256 Other264 Safety266 Cell Design and Materials282 Li-Ion297 Lithium Sulfur360 Solid-State367 Sodium-Ion387 Alternative Chemistries397 Supply Chain: Upstream and Midstream419 Supply Chain: Recycling & Secondary Markets439 Software / AI455

China

Overview486 History489 Policy Landscape498 Talent & Ecosystem Maturity505 Capital510 Supply Chain518 Technology Innovation536

Academia

Overview552 Research Trends555 Seminal Literature560 Fundamentals571 Lithium-Ion575 Solid State Batteries594 Battery Degradation and Performance605 New / Alternative Chemistries618 Fast Charging & Extreme Fast Charging630 Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning632 Battery Management System (BMS)638 Recycling642 Battery Safety649

Talent

Overview653 Workforce Landscape657 Emerging Trends662 Policy & Immigration668 Compensation & Benefits675 Industry Sentiment680 Skills & Training Gaps687 Educational Development692 Workforce Research698 Access & Advancement702

Policy

North America706 Europe724 Asia731 Legal737

Community

Predictions

The Next 12 Months760

Closing pages762

Battery Report 2025

Closing pages

Pages 762–768 (7 pages)

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Battery Report 2025, page 762: Closing pages

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