Cell Design and Materials: Li-Ion

Differences between LFP and LMFP Structure

LMFP partially replaces Fe in LFP with Mn.

Incorporating Mn into the system raises the redox voltage, resulting in increased overall energy density. Performance

LMFPʼs capacity at low-temperature performance is more stable compared to LFP.

Both chemistries exhibit similar safety profiles.

High voltage and high surface area of LMFP limit cycle life due to electrolyte oxidation and Mn-dissolution Market & Usage

LMFP64 60% Mn content) is the most widely available composition in the market, with research efforts now shifting towards 70% Mn content.

LMFP is often blended with NMC due to its similar voltage, which improves the safety and reduces the cost relative to NMC.

MN/FE RATIO IN LMFP NOMINAL VOLTAGE, PRACTICAL CAPACITY, ENERGY DENSITY LFP 0% Mn 3.4V

20% Mn* 3.44V

40% Mn 3.48V

60% Mn 3.64V

80% Mn 3.96V

LMP 100%Mn 3.95V

161.0 mAh/g 534.9 Wh/kg

161.7 mAh/g 553.5 Wh/kg

157.4 mAh/g 557.0 Wh/kg

142.4 mAh/g 515.8 Wh/kg

126.3 mAh/g 459.9 Wh/kg

63.0 mAh/g 230.6 Wh/kg 20% Mn: LiMn0.2Fe0.8PO4

Source: Guoyuan Securities, Battery Report 2023 (pg125, Argonne NL battery model, Leslie et al. 2024 JES 171 040520

Extracted from the PDF; charts and images may read imperfectly.