Cell Design and Materials: Sodium-Ion

Na-ion Material / Component Producers Active

Material Type

Chemical Formula

Capacity | Tap Density | Voltage Window

Cathodes

Layered Oxide

NaNixFeyMnzO2 NaCuxFeyMnzO2

125 to 135 mAh/g | 3 g/cc | 1.5 to 3.95V(1,2)

Layered Oxide

NaCrO2

120 to 125 mAh/g | 3 g/cc | 2.0 to 3.4V(3)

Polyanion

Na3V2PO4)2F, Na3V2PO4)3,

120 to 130 mAh/g | 2 g/cc | 2.0 to 4.2V(4) 105 to 115 mAh/g | 2 g/cc | 2.0 to 3.4V(5)

Polyanion

Na4Fe3PO4)2P2O7),

100 to 110 mAh/g | 2 g/cc | 1.5 to 3.6V(6)

Prussian White/Blue

Na2Fe[Fe(CN)6] Na2Mn[Fe(CN)6]

120 to 160 mAh/g | 2 g/cc | 2.0 to 4.0V(7,8)

Anodes

Hard Carbon

280 to 320 mAh/g | 2 g/cc | 0.05 to 1.0V(9)

Electrolyte

Organic

NaPF6 in Carbonates

Producers

Note: Only including producers reporting Metric Tons scale production in 2025 See the China section for wider commentary on Chinese sodium-ion development.

Extracted from the PDF; charts and images may read imperfectly.