Technology Innovation

China is a Major Pioneering Player in eVTOL & Humanoid Robots The ‘low-altitude economyʼ and humanoid robots are pushing lithium battery technology to new performance limits. Currently, solid-state/semi-solid-state batteries are widely regarded as the most promising long-term technological pathways to achieve substantially higher energy density and safety, although their large-scale commercialization will take time to realize. Performance

Specific Goals & Challenges

Solutions & Development Trends

Energy Density

Low-altitude economy: Breakthrough to 400Wh/kg in the short term, long-term target of 500Wh/kg. Humanoid robots: Advance from 250300Wh/kg to over 350Wh/kg.

Material Systems: Adopting high specific energy materials like high-nickel cathodes and silicon-carbon anodes. Ultimate Path: Developing solid-state/semi-solid-state batteries, theoretically capable of exceeding 500Wh/kg.

Power & Fast Charging

Meeting the instantaneous ultra-high power demands (high-rate discharge) for eVTOL takeoff/landing and intense robot movements.

Cell Design: Adopting full-tab design to reduce internal resistance. System Management: Upgrading the Battery Management System BMS and optimizing output strategies.

Safety

The low-altitude economy requires aviation-grade absolute safety PPB-level failure probability). Humanoid robots must ensure close-range personal safety.

Intrinsic Safety: Using solid-state electrolytes to prevent thermal runaway at its root. System Protection: Applying system solutions like "thermal-electric separation," multi-stage insulation, and intelligent early-warning BMS.

Adaptability & Lifetime

Cell form factor must adapt to robotsʼ irregular body and complex structure Meet cycle life (target 600+ cycles) requirements under long-term, high-frequency use.

Structural Innovation: Adopting pouch cell packaging and "hybrid architecture" battery packs for customization. Process Optimization: Delaying degradation through material and process innovation.

Source: 电池产业蓄势第二次跨越式增长, 人形机器人电池成新增长极

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