New / Alternative Chemistries

10 Years Development of Potassium-ion Battery Development status: most improvements are achieved under laboratory conditions (e.g., K metal-based half-cells and low mass loading of active materials), and the performance of PIBs in full cells is still far from the requirements for commercial applications Recognized weakness: A critical insight bridging the academic research and the commercialization of PIBs is urgently needed to guide future research in this field. More efforts are required to explore the deep mechanism and prompt commercialization of PIBs

Cathode

PBAs cathode can achieve fast charging and higher capacity, but how to control the water content in the crystal to improve performance is still a challenge

LTMO cathodes show higher operational voltage and higher energy density, but the dissolution of transition metal causes an unstable interface and poor structure stability

Polyanion cathodes show high redox potential, but the poor electronic conductivity limits its rate performance

Anode

For the anode, graphite with lower intercalation potential, high CE, less volume expansion, and low cost is the best choice for PIBs. But how to improve cycling stability and rate performance also needs more effort.

Various strategies, including nanotechnology, morphology control, surface modification, and element doping, are proposed to prompt electrochemical performance of electrode materials.

Application

All these progresses are still in the academic research and tested under half-cell. More efforts are needed to explore the deep mechanism and prompt commercialization of PIBs, and some possible directions are outlined for future research of PIBs

Source: Adv. Mater. 2025, 37, 2416717

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