Costs

Ex.China Factories Face an Inherent Cost Disadvantage, but There Are Routes to Cost-Competitiveness Energy and labour costs are inherently higher than China, depending on the region 1

...but there are realistic pathways to cost reduction, through location choice, factory automation, higher yields, and cheaper materials 2

Example: Europe

Source: 1 CRU Group Distinguished Partner), 2 IEA (see link for full footnote explanation)

Extracted from the PDF; charts and images may read imperfectly.